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What is a Checkride?

A checkride is the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) practical test for a pilot certificate or rating. It has two parts—an oral exam and a flight evaluation—administered by a Designated Pilot Examiner (DPE) or FAA inspector and graded to the Airman Certification Standards (ACS) for that certificate or rating.

In plain terms: after you finish the required training and (when required) pass the knowledge test, the checkride is the final FAA evaluation that confirms you can exercise the new privileges safely. Passing earns a temporary airman certificate; failing identifies specific deficiencies to retrain before you retest. For how each certificate fits the career ladder, see how to become a pilot and types of pilot tests.

What Happens During a Checkride?

Expect a structured day, not a surprise quiz. The examiner follows a plan of action aligned to the ACS for the certificate or rating you are testing for.

Becoming a Pilot: What is a Checkride?

ATP Flight School’s short overview walks through what a checkride is and why it matters on the path from first lesson to airline career.

Oral Exam

The oral portion usually happens in a classroom or office. The examiner reviews your application and supporting paperwork, explains the test’s possible outcomes, and questions you on aeronautical knowledge and risk management. Questions are scenario-based when possible and tied to ACS knowledge and risk-management elements—not trivia. If the oral is unsatisfactory, the flight portion does not begin until those deficiencies are corrected and you return for a retest of the unfinished areas.

Flight Evaluation

When the oral is satisfactory, you move to the airplane. The examiner evaluates the full flight: preflight inspection, taxi, takeoff, maneuvers, procedures, navigation or instrument tasks as required, emergencies, and post-flight. You must demonstrate safe operation within the ACS skill tolerances for that certificate or rating. A private pilot checkride emphasizes takeoffs and landings, maneuvers, cross-country navigation, and emergency procedures; an instrument checkride emphasizes instrument flying, holds, and approaches; a commercial checkride tightens tolerances and adds commercial maneuvers.

After a satisfactory checkride, the examiner issues a temporary certificate. The full process can take a few hours to half a day depending on the rating, weather, and how thoroughly the oral runs.

Primary sources: FAA Airman Certification Standards; FAA Training & Testing.

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Who Administers a Checkride?

Most practical tests for civilian certificates and ratings are administered by a Designated Pilot Examiner (DPE)—a pilot the FAA authorizes to conduct practical tests on its behalf—or by an FAA aviation safety inspector. Your flight instructor trains and endorses you; the examiner is an independent evaluator.

DPE fees are typically paid directly to the examiner and are separate from school tuition. Schools that train many airline-bound students often coordinate examiner availability so checkrides do not become the bottleneck between certificates. ATP Flight School maintains a Flight Checks department and works with DPEs across its nationwide training network so students can schedule practical tests when they are ready.

Whether the examiner is a DPE or an FAA inspector, the evaluation standard is the same: the ACS (or applicable practical test standard) for the certificate or rating sought.

What are Airman Certification Standards?

Airman Certification Standards (ACS) are the FAA’s published testing standards for each certificate and rating. For every area of operation, the ACS lists the knowledge, risk management, and skill elements the examiner may evaluate on the oral and flight portions.

The ACS is the shared plan of action for you, your instructor, and the examiner. Instructors use it to structure training and endorsements; applicants use it to study; examiners use it to grade. For many certificates, the ACS replaced older Practical Test Standards (PTS). Always train and test against the current ACS for the rating you are seeking—not a generic “checkride tips” list alone.

Browse current standards: FAA ACS library.

Which Checkrides are on the Airline Pilot Path?

Airline-bound pilots pass a practical test at each major certificate and rating step. The credentials are the same whether you train under Part 61 or Part 141; the checkride confirms you meet the FAA standard for that step.

Private Pilot Checkride

The private pilot practical test is usually the first full checkride. After required training, the knowledge test, and instructor endorsements, you demonstrate oral knowledge and flight skills for private pilot privileges—the foundation for every later rating.

Instrument Rating Checkride

The instrument rating checkride evaluates instrument flying, cockpit management, holds, and instrument approaches. It is essential for airline-oriented flying and for building the IFR skills commercial and instructor training assume.

Commercial Pilot Checkride

The commercial pilot practical test raises skill tolerances and adds commercial maneuvers. Many airline-path students also add a multi-engine rating, which may involve its own practical test depending on how the training is structured.

Flight Instructor Checkride

The flight instructor practical test evaluates your ability to teach—not only to fly. On the airline path, instructing is a common way to build experience toward the Airline Transport Pilot hour requirements while sharpening standards you will later meet as a professional crewmember.

Each checkride is a gate, not the destination. Map the full sequence with airline pilot requirements.

How Should You Prepare for a Checkride?

Preparation is ACS-driven and instructor-endorsed—not last-minute cramming.

  • Train with the ACS. Use the current ACS as your study and practice outline for knowledge, risk management, and skill elements.
  • Finish prerequisites. Complete required flight and ground training, pass any required knowledge test, and obtain the instructor endorsements that make you eligible to test.
  • Prove consistency. Practice maneuvers and procedures until you meet ACS tolerances repeatedly—not once under ideal conditions.
  • Organize paperwork. Bring a complete, accurate application package. Name mismatches between knowledge-test reports and certificates can stop a checkride before it starts.
  • Know the plan of action. Understand what the examiner will cover orally and in flight so checkride day is familiar, not mysterious.
  • Show up ready. Rest, dress professionally, and treat the day as a professional evaluation—the same standard airlines expect later.

What Happens if I Fail a Checkride?

If you do not pass, the examiner documents the unsatisfactory areas. You retrain those items with your instructor, get a new endorsement as required, and return to finish the test. Structured schools treat a setback as a remediation plan, not an automatic end of training.

How Much Do Checkrides Cost?

Designated pilot examiner fees are paid separately from tuition—usually in cash directly to the examiner—and are not a single fixed price for every checkride. For ATP Flight School’s Airline Career Pilot Program, plan on about $12,000 from zero experience or $10,500 with private pilot credit for FAA examiners’ fees and knowledge test fees across the program. See how much it costs to become an airline pilot for the full cost breakdown.

Where Do Checkrides Fit on My Path to the Airlines?

Checkrides mark progress on the certificate ladder toward airline eligibility. A recreational school may get you through a private pilot checkride; an airline-oriented school prepares you for the full sequence—private, instrument, commercial, multi-engine, and instructor—on a timeline and support model built for career outcomes.

When you evaluate schools, ask how they train to checkride readiness, how they schedule DPEs so practical tests do not stall progress, and whether graduates move into formal airline hiring paths. ATP Flight School’s Airline Career Pilot Program uses standardized instruction, ACS-aligned training, and consistent checkride readiness criteria across its nationwide network. Students and graduates pursue airline-backed Career Tracks™ with American, Delta, and United—formal agreements, not marketing “pathways.” See where to train to become an airline pilot for the school-selection criteria that matter after you understand what a checkride is.

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